Appium自动化

一、前期准备

1、JAVA环境

（1）首先下载安装

Download the Latest Java LTS Free

Subscribe to Java SE and get the most comprehensive Java support available, with 24/7 global access to the experts.

https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/downloads/

（2）配置环境变量，jdk8为例

变量值为安装路径

修改path

（3）cmd中输入java —version验证

2、Android Studio安装与配置

（1）正常下载安装即可

下载 Android Studio 和应用工具 - Android 开发者 | Android Developers

Android Studio 提供了一些应用构建器以及一个已针对 Android 应用进行优化的集成式开发环境 (IDE)。立即下载 Android Studio。

https://developer.android.google.cn/studio?hl=zh-cn

（2）不行的话这里教程

Android Studio 安装配置教程 - Windows(详细版)-CSDN博客

文章浏览阅读10w+次，点赞880次，收藏2.3k次。然后首先是安装程序，这里默认不翻墙，使用国内的，下载地址有两个。_android studio

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38436214/article/details/105073213

3、Appium Server

下载了直接安装就好

4、Appium inspector

同样也是直接安装就好

5、ADB

（1）下载了Android Studio后会有一个SDK文件夹，在这个文件夹上修改环境变量

（2）验证cmd，输入adb devices即可

6、node.js

（1）下载安装

Node.js — 在任何地方运行 JavaScript

Node.js® is a JavaScript runtime built on Chrome's V8 JavaScript engine.

https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/

（2）全部默认直奔环境变量

需要在安装目录新增两个文件夹

（3）编辑用户变量

（4）验证

输入npm -v node -v验证是否安装成功

7、Pycharm

这还要讲？安装好了执行pip install Appium-Python-Client

二、详细流程

情况一：使用模拟机

（1）先启动AndroidStudio虚拟机

（2）通过执行下面代码查看信息


查版本号：adb shell getprop ro.build.version.release
查设备名（模拟机显示SDK）：adb devices -l
查打开的应用信息：adb shell dumpsys window | findstr mCurrentFocus

（3）准备一个字典，输入刚才的信息


{
    "platformName": "Android",
    "platformVersion": "10",
    "deviceName": "",
    "appPackage": "com.google.android.apps.messaging",
    "appActivity": ".ui.ConversationListActivity",
    "resetKeyboard": "true",
}

（4）先运行Appium Server

首先点击编辑配置检查

同时修改主机为127.0.0.1，启动！！！

（5）打开Appium inspector

将准备好的字典输入到这里

启动！！！

（6）录制脚本

嘎嘎点就行

这里就可以看到完整的代码

放到Pycharm就可以运行了，使用的是webdriver，所以xpath应该也可以用，更精准

示例，打开短信输入1


# {
#     "platformName": "Android",
#     "platformVersion": "10",
#     "deviceName": "",
#     "appPackage": "com.google.android.apps.messaging",
#     "appActivity": ".ui.ConversationListActivity",
#     "resetKeyboard": "true",
# }

# This sample code supports Appium Python client >=2.3.0
# pip install Appium-Python-Client
# Then you can paste this into a file and simply run with Python

from appium import webdriver
from appium.options.common.base import AppiumOptions
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

# For W3C actions
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.actions import interaction
from selenium.webdriver.common.actions.action_builder import ActionBuilder
from selenium.webdriver.common.actions.pointer_input import PointerInput

options = AppiumOptions()
options.load_capabilities({
	"platformName": "Android",
	"appium:platformVersion": "10",
	"appium:deviceName": "",
	"appium:appPackage": "com.google.android.apps.messaging",
	"appium:appActivity": ".ui.ConversationListActivity",
	"appium:resetKeyboard": "true",
	"appium:ensureWebviewsHavePages": True,
	"appium:nativeWebScreenshot": True,
	"appium:newCommandTimeout": 3600,
	"appium:connectHardwareKeyboard": True
})

driver = webdriver.Remote("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub", options=options)

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(885, 1659)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(338, 268)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(70, 1707)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(66, 1237)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()

actions = ActionChains(driver)
actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(1006, 1718)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)
actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
actions.perform()


driver.quit()

情况二：使用真机

（1）和模拟机一样的流程，不同的点是需要USB链接电脑

（2）Python+Appium自动化测试-appium连接真机启动app_appium连接真机测试-CSDN博客

三、事件操作

1、长按事件


def long_press(x, y, duration=1.0):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(x, y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(duration)  # 持续按住时间
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()

2、滑动事件


def swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, duration=0.5):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(start_x, start_y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(end_x, end_y)  # 滑动到目标点
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(duration)  # 滑动时长
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()

3、拖拽事件


def drag_and_drop(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, hold_time=0.5):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(start_x, start_y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()  # 按住起点
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(hold_time)  # 模拟按住一段时间
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(end_x, end_y)  # 拖动到目标点
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()

4、捏合/开事件


# 放大
def pinch_out(center_x, center_y, distance=100):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    
    # 第一个手指
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x, center_y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x + distance, center_y + distance)

    # 第二个手指
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x, center_y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x - distance, center_y - distance)
    
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()


# 缩小
def pinch_in(center_x, center_y, distance=100):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    
    # 第一个手指
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x + distance, center_y + distance)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x, center_y)

    # 第二个手指
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x - distance, center_y - distance)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(center_x, center_y)
    
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()

5、双击事件


def double_tap(x, y, pause_time=0.1):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    
    # 第一次点击
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(x, y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()
    
    time.sleep(pause_time)  # 快速暂停，模拟双击

    # 第二次点击
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(x, y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()

6、点击事件


def tap_screen(x, y, pause_time=0.2):
    actions = ActionChains(driver)
    actions.w3c_actions = ActionBuilder(driver, mouse=PointerInput(interaction.POINTER_TOUCH, "touch"))
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.move_to_location(x, y)
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pointer_down()
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.pause(0.1)  # 点击时间
    actions.w3c_actions.pointer_action.release()
    actions.perform()
    time.sleep(pause_time)

四、Xpath定位


from appium import webdriver
from appium.webdriver.common.appiumby import AppiumBy

# 假设已经启动 Appium 会话
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub', options=options)

# 定位单个元素
element = driver.find_element(AppiumBy.XPATH, "//android.widget.TextView[@text='Login']")

# 对定位到的元素进行操作
element.click()

五、遇到的问题

1、Android Studio新增机器会报AVD错误

解决：

（1）先去C盘目录C:\Users\Administrator\.android下找到avd文件夹，修改为AVD，复制到D盘

（2）在环境变量的系统变量中新增

（3）在设置中记得勾选

2、Android Studio下载gradle失败

（1）先找到他报错时给出的网站，到网站中将压缩包下载下来

（2）找到这个路径

（3）进入到详细的地址：C:\Users\Administrator\.gradle\wrapper\dists\gradle-8.7-bin\bhs2wmbdwecv87pi65oeuq5iu

（4）全部删掉，把压缩包放进去

3、Appium inspector启动失败

可能是远程路径没配，他默认是/，修改成/wd/hub

4、使用真机每次启动都会重置app

修改参数为如下：


"platformName": "Android",
"appium:platformVersion": "14",
"appium:deviceName": "MAA_AN10",
"appium:appPackage": "com.tencent.mobileqq",
"appium:appActivity": "com.tencent.mobileqq.activity.SplashActivity",
"appium:resetKeyboard": True,
"appium:ensureWebviewsHavePages": True,
"appium:nativeWebScreenshot": True,
"appium:newCommandTimeout": 3600,
"appium:connectHardwareKeyboard": True,
'noReset': True,  # 不重置应用
'fullReset': False,  # 不重置缓存
'dontStopAppOnReset': True,  # 应用不关闭
"unicodeKeyboard": True  # 支持中文输入

本文参考来源：

Appium+Python移动端（Android）自动化测试环境搭建原来没有那么难！+ 带你实战去_ui自动化测试环境:appium+android studio+pycharm+node-CSDN博客

文章浏览阅读4.3k次，点赞24次，收藏75次。Appium 是一个移动端的自动化框架，可用于测试原生应用，移动网页应用和混合型应用，且是跨平台的。可用于 ios 和 Android 操作系统。目录一、前提1.1 JDK安装及其配置环境变量1.2 Android-SDK 安装1.3 Node.js 安装1.4 Appium 客户端安装1.5 安装python库Appium-Python-Client一、前提1.1 JDK安装及其配置环境变量测试是否配置好java -version1.2 Android-SDK 安装这个直接在And._ui自动化测试环境:appium+android studio+pycharm+node

https://blog.csdn.net/hanhanwanghaha/article/details/110947413

Python+Appium实现自动化测试（附教程+源码）_python开发自动化测试软件-CSDN博客

文章浏览阅读2.6k次，点赞19次，收藏24次。1.脚本语言：Python3.x IDE：安装Pycharm2.安装Java JDK 、Android SDK3.adb环境，path添加E:\Software\Android_SDK\platform-tools4.安装Appium for windows，官网地址 Redirecting_python开发自动化测试软件

https://blog.csdn.net/HUA6911/article/details/135198432